Since the 1860s, the United States' machine tool technology has surpassed the birthplace of machine tools in the United Kingdom, and has been leading the world in the mass production of high-efficiency automated machine tools since the 1930s. Mainly in the large-scale production automation of automobiles, bearings and motors. In 1976, the United States had 6,700 automatic lines and the annual output of automobiles reached 1 million. In 1952, after the first NC machine tool was first developed for the complex parts of the aircraft in the world, 10 units were immediately produced for production in response to military demand. The output of NC machine tools in the United States is 1,514 units. In 1965, there were 20,95 units. In the same year, there were 165 units in Germany and 39 units in Japan. American NC machine tools ranked first in the world in terms of technology and output, far ahead of Germany and Japan. Due to the sluggish production and innovation of talents, scientific research, production organizations and supporting basic components, especially NC systems, the production of Japanese NC machine tools (7342 units) began to surpass that of the United States (5,688 units) since 1978. to date. In 1997, the United States produced 17,714 NC machine tools, 56,113 units in Japan and 22,960 units in Germany. Although the NC machine tool technology in the United States is still world-class, its output ranks third in the world. It is the world's largest importer of NC machine tools. In 1997, NCS imported 25,421 machine tools and exported 6,193 units, with a consumption of 38,642 units, ranking first in the world (189 in Japan, 25,705 in Germany, and 17292 in China). The roads and experience of the development of NC machine tools in the United States are: (l) The development of NC machine tools based on the high-efficiency automated machine tools, automatic lines, and a large number of large-scale production automation technologies, combined with aircraft complex parts processing, immediately used for production, seeing results, and clear objectives. (2) American NC machine tool technology and production have always been leading in the world. Its experience is that the mechanical design of the main body is based on high-efficiency automatic machine tools, and the technology is excellent, the basic components and NC system are matched, so the development is faster; (3) On the basis of the full development of a large number of large-scale production automation and mature technology, we should begin to develop small and medium-sized flexible production automation in the world in response to the needs of social diversification, and combine them in social demand, technology level and personnel quality. it is good.
Since 1978, the development of Nc machine tools has been slow and surpassed in Japan. The main lesson is: (1) After the Second World War, gradually entering the world peace period, the US government and the defense department relaxed the leadership organization of advanced modern NC machine tools. Scientific research and development work, technical development is slow; (2) American machine tool industry enterprises, mostly family-oriented leaders, have certain defects in the organizational system, in terms of capital, scientific research and development, far-sightedness, international competition, import and export trade, The competition between Bide and Japan is poor; (3) The development of Nc machine tools in the United States is carried out by the corporate companies on the Nc system. It is not as good as Japan FANUC, and it is the leading company, research and development, unified supply of major enterprises, and occupation of the world. The market supplies the development of NC machine tools worldwide. In terms of technology, variety, economy, cost, and competitiveness, Japan is worse than Japan. Therefore, there are serious mistakes in strategy and tactics. (4) Scientific research and production are out of touch, and scientific research results cannot be quickly turned into productivity. The United States has a common problem in the development of NC machine tools and many other technical fields. For example, the United States is leading the world in the level of machine tool technology research. In the late 1970s, it first developed the world's first FMS, and first proposed the development of CIM and CIMS in the world. However, the slowdown in the transformation of productivity into scientific research cannot quickly turn into productivity, which is a serious lesson in the slow development of NC machine tools in the United States.
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Application:
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