**Abstract:** This paper presents an experimental study and theoretical analysis of the EDM machinability of commonly used structural ceramic materials. It introduces a novel analytical approach for predicting the feasibility of EDM under specific conditions, offering a more accurate and practical method for evaluating the machining performance of ceramics. **Keywords:** Structural Ceramics, EDM, Machinability **1. Introduction** EDM technology has been increasingly applied to the machining of structural ceramic materials over the past two decades. Due to the unique properties of these materials, the EDM process exhibits different characteristics compared to metal machining. Since the 1980s, researchers have focused on understanding the external behavior of EDM in ceramics, leading to various findings based on different materials and conditions. Despite this, the process laws remain inconsistent, making it challenging to predict the effectiveness of EDM for specific ceramics. This study aims to address this issue through comprehensive experiments and theoretical modeling, resulting in a more reliable method for assessing EDM machinability. **2. Material Selection in Experimental Design** In the field of structural ceramics, oxides, nitrides, and carbides are the three primary categories. Among them, alumina (Al₂O₃) is a well-known oxide ceramic with high maturity, low cost, and excellent mechanical properties. It is widely used in industries such as metallurgy, aerospace, and automotive. Silicon nitride (Si₃N₄), on the other hand, is known for its high thermal shock resistance and low friction coefficient, making it suitable for high-temperature applications like gas turbines and engine components. Silicon carbide (SiC), another important material, stands out due to its exceptional thermal conductivity and hardness, often used in wear-resistant and high-temperature parts. **3. Predictive Analysis of Machinability** The efficiency and surface quality achieved during EDM are key indicators for determining the feasibility of machining structural ceramics. The peak current duration significantly affects both processing efficiency and electrode loss. By analyzing the melting volume versus peak current duration curve, the optimal pulse width can be identified. For example, in experiments using brass as the electrode, the maximum melting volume was observed at short pulse widths, suggesting that shorter pulses yield better results. Based on these findings, the optimal pulse widths for Al₂O₃, SiC, and Si₃N₄ were determined to be 0.5 μs, 1 μs, and 1 μs, respectively. **4. Prediction of Tool Electrode Loss** The relationship between electrode loss and pulse width or peak current was also studied. Experimental data showed significant variations between calculated and actual values, especially for SiC and Si₃N₄. This discrepancy arises because these materials do not have a distinct melting point and undergo decomposition at high temperatures. To improve accuracy, a correction factor was introduced, adjusting the calculated electrode loss by considering the thermal diffusivity and phase composition of the materials. After applying this correction, the model results aligned more closely with experimental data, demonstrating improved reliability. **5. Summary** This study provides a new analytical framework for predicting the EDM machinability of structural ceramics. By developing predictive models and validating them through experiments, we have gained deeper insights into the factors influencing EDM performance. Future work should focus on compiling these findings into a database or software tool, enabling wider adoption of EDM as an efficient and precise method for machining structural ceramics.

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