First, choose high-quality rice varieties. Yuye No. 6 remains a popular choice due to its excellent grain quality, strong photosynthetic efficiency, and good yield potential, despite its lower disease resistance. It can be combined with other varieties like Lindao 11, Zhendao 88, and the demonstration variety Shengao 806. For specific market demands or orders, special types such as Shengdao 301, Xiangyu 9407, and glutinous rice can also be planted to diversify production and boost farmers' income.
Second, deep plowing is essential for improving soil structure in paddy fields. This practice enhances soil water retention, nutrient availability, and root development, leading to stronger seedlings and better disease resistance, which is crucial for healthy crop growth.
Third, proper seed processing is vital. Before sowing, seeds should be dried for 2–3 days on sunny days about 10 days before the harvest season to improve germination rates. Soaking seeds in a mixture of 10% seed oil (2 ml) and 5% fipronil (5–10 ml) in 6–8 kg of water for 5–7 days helps prevent diseases like bakanae and nematode infestations, as well as early rice planthopper damage.
Fourth, planting timing and seedling age are critical. In areas like Lunan and Southwest Shandong, planting around May 1st with 45-day-old seedlings is ideal. Farmers should adjust planting schedules based on local transplanting plans to avoid weak or overly old seedlings.
Rice seedlings that are dry-land grown tend to have smaller, more compact structures, yellow-green leaves, and stronger resistance to pests like SBPH, which helps reduce the risk of rice stripe virus. This method offers advantages like quick establishment and higher survival rates, so it's encouraged where conditions allow.
Fifth, apply base fertilizers properly. Before planting, mix 10 kg of urea (or 30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate), 10–15 kg of diammonium phosphate, 10 kg of potassium sulfate, and 1–2 kg of zinc sulfate into the soil at a depth of 10 cm. Ensure even distribution and then flood the field. The seedbed should be level, with a width of 1.5 meters and length of 30 meters. Ditches should be kept at 20 cm deep until the water recedes naturally.
Sixth, precision seeding and timely coverage are important. Use 25–30 kg of seeds per acre, ensuring even distribution by weighing each plate. Avoid over-seeding. When the seedbed is neither too hard nor too soft (half the seed is embedded in the mud), plant immediately and cover with fine soil or compost. Do not use uncomposted organic matter or ash. Covering depth should be 1–1.5 cm to protect the seeds.
Seventh, promote the use of insect-proof nets during seedling stages. These nets effectively block the contact between planthoppers and young plants, reducing the spread of rice stripe disease.
Eighth, manage the seedling stage carefully. Keep the surface moist initially, and alternate between wet and dry conditions later. Apply 10 kg of urea as tiller fertilizer from the one-leaf to three-leaf stage. Avoid additional nitrogen fertilizers and refrain from using excessive manure. Weeding should be done 2–5 days after sowing using herbicides like 35.75% Dragon Wettable Powder (150–200 g/30–40 kg water). Afterward, keep the area moist for 5–7 days. For broad-leaved weeds, use 36% Lingxiu or 32% Zhiduoxin WP at 60–80 g/30–40 kg water. Timely pest control and disease prevention are essential throughout the process.
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