The fuel consumption of wheeled construction machinery is a major part of construction costs. To this end, first of all, according to the temperature of the construction area, the fuel with a freezing point lower than the lowest temperature in the region should be selected 3-5 °C. The fuel-saving measures to be taken for construction transport vehicles and engines are as follows:
(1). Minimize the weight of the vehicle. Increasing the vehicle's own weight will increase the fuel consumption accordingly. Therefore, unnecessary additional equipment on the vehicle should be removed during construction without affecting the quality of the project.
(2). Minimize the resistance and acceleration resistance of the vehicle while driving.
If the vehicle speed is below 400km/h during construction, the air resistance is negligible, but the rolling resistance should be noted. When the vehicle is traveling on an uneven road surface, the amount of deformation of the suspension device and the tire is increased due to its frequent beating, resulting in an increase in rolling resistance, and the fuel consumption is increased by 30%-50% compared with the case of driving on a good road surface. Therefore, we must repair and maintain the construction access road. At the same time, the tire pressure of the vehicle has a great influence on the rolling resistance. If the tire pressure is lowered on a hard road surface, the tire deformation is large and the rolling resistance is increased. If the tire pressure is lowered on a soft road surface, the contact area between the tire and the ground increases, and the pressure per unit area decreases, which reduces the rolling resistance. Therefore, pay attention to changes in road conditions during construction, and choose the appropriate tire pressure to reduce fuel consumption. The transmission ratio of each transmission of the vehicle has a great influence on the fuel consumption. In the construction, the high-speed gear with a small transmission ratio should be selected as much as possible, which can save fuel.
(3). Increase the engine compression ratio to the standard value. The compression ratio of diesel engines is generally between 16-22. The compression ratio is increased, the temperature and pressure at the end of compression are increased, which is beneficial to the combustion and expansion of the mixture; the thermal efficiency of the engine is increased, the effective power is increased, and the fuel consumption is reduced. The specific measures are: reduce the resistance of the intake system. The filter should be cleaned and maintained in time to ensure that there is enough air to enter the cylinder in time. Keep the vehicle in good condition. For the cylinder pressure of the engine, the general diesel engine should not be lower than 20% of the original standard pressure, and the gasoline engine should be no less than 30%. For the pressure difference between the cylinders, the diesel engine is generally required to be no more than 8%, and the gasoline engine is not more than 10%. If the cylinder pressure does not meet the specified standards, the valve should be ground as needed, and the piston ring should be replaced. It should also be noted that the carbon deposit in the combustion chamber tends to increase the compression ratio automatically. Excessive compression ratio and carbon deposition tend to cause the cylinder to deflagrate, resulting in increased fuel consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to remove carbon deposits; The clearance between the intake and exhaust valves must be adjusted to the specified value, because the excessively large or too small gap will cause an increase in fuel consumption.
(4). Correct the fuel supply advance angle of the engine. If the fuel supply advance angle is too large or too small, the fuel consumption of the engine may increase. Therefore, in order to make the engine have good performance, the fuel supply advance angle must be calibrated.
(5). Reduce the fuel consumption per unit load. By increasing the load capacity of the vehicle to the rated load under the conditions of the vehicle, the productivity can be improved and the fuel consumption per unit weight can be significantly reduced.
(6). Master the economic speed. During construction, roads are generally informal roads, even if they are roads. In this case, the correct relationship between safety, fuel consumption and speed should be mastered. Take the half-load of the Tlift T815 vehicle as an example. The relationship between fuel consumption and vehicle speed is: when the speed is 25-30km/h, the fuel consumption is the least, that is, during construction, this speed can ensure the production efficiency and be economical and reasonable.
(7). Choose the right lubricant. Choosing the lubricant is a key factor in whether the engine can reduce power consumption and reduce fuel consumption. Lubricants of different specifications and grades should be used in winter and summer.
(1). Minimize the weight of the vehicle. Increasing the vehicle's own weight will increase the fuel consumption accordingly. Therefore, unnecessary additional equipment on the vehicle should be removed during construction without affecting the quality of the project.
(2). Minimize the resistance and acceleration resistance of the vehicle while driving.
If the vehicle speed is below 400km/h during construction, the air resistance is negligible, but the rolling resistance should be noted. When the vehicle is traveling on an uneven road surface, the amount of deformation of the suspension device and the tire is increased due to its frequent beating, resulting in an increase in rolling resistance, and the fuel consumption is increased by 30%-50% compared with the case of driving on a good road surface. Therefore, we must repair and maintain the construction access road. At the same time, the tire pressure of the vehicle has a great influence on the rolling resistance. If the tire pressure is lowered on a hard road surface, the tire deformation is large and the rolling resistance is increased. If the tire pressure is lowered on a soft road surface, the contact area between the tire and the ground increases, and the pressure per unit area decreases, which reduces the rolling resistance. Therefore, pay attention to changes in road conditions during construction, and choose the appropriate tire pressure to reduce fuel consumption. The transmission ratio of each transmission of the vehicle has a great influence on the fuel consumption. In the construction, the high-speed gear with a small transmission ratio should be selected as much as possible, which can save fuel.
(3). Increase the engine compression ratio to the standard value. The compression ratio of diesel engines is generally between 16-22. The compression ratio is increased, the temperature and pressure at the end of compression are increased, which is beneficial to the combustion and expansion of the mixture; the thermal efficiency of the engine is increased, the effective power is increased, and the fuel consumption is reduced. The specific measures are: reduce the resistance of the intake system. The filter should be cleaned and maintained in time to ensure that there is enough air to enter the cylinder in time. Keep the vehicle in good condition. For the cylinder pressure of the engine, the general diesel engine should not be lower than 20% of the original standard pressure, and the gasoline engine should be no less than 30%. For the pressure difference between the cylinders, the diesel engine is generally required to be no more than 8%, and the gasoline engine is not more than 10%. If the cylinder pressure does not meet the specified standards, the valve should be ground as needed, and the piston ring should be replaced. It should also be noted that the carbon deposit in the combustion chamber tends to increase the compression ratio automatically. Excessive compression ratio and carbon deposition tend to cause the cylinder to deflagrate, resulting in increased fuel consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to remove carbon deposits; The clearance between the intake and exhaust valves must be adjusted to the specified value, because the excessively large or too small gap will cause an increase in fuel consumption.
(4). Correct the fuel supply advance angle of the engine. If the fuel supply advance angle is too large or too small, the fuel consumption of the engine may increase. Therefore, in order to make the engine have good performance, the fuel supply advance angle must be calibrated.
(5). Reduce the fuel consumption per unit load. By increasing the load capacity of the vehicle to the rated load under the conditions of the vehicle, the productivity can be improved and the fuel consumption per unit weight can be significantly reduced.
(6). Master the economic speed. During construction, roads are generally informal roads, even if they are roads. In this case, the correct relationship between safety, fuel consumption and speed should be mastered. Take the half-load of the Tlift T815 vehicle as an example. The relationship between fuel consumption and vehicle speed is: when the speed is 25-30km/h, the fuel consumption is the least, that is, during construction, this speed can ensure the production efficiency and be economical and reasonable.
(7). Choose the right lubricant. Choosing the lubricant is a key factor in whether the engine can reduce power consumption and reduce fuel consumption. Lubricants of different specifications and grades should be used in winter and summer.
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