North China's Hebei Fengning win Feng Ning Zhaobing ditch low grade phosphate ore is a metamorphic-type deposit, magnetic iron ore (titaniferous magnetite) - apatite ore. It is characterized by medium-grade magnetite, low-grade phosphate rock and low-grade ilmenite, and ultra-low-grade sulphur- cobalt . For recruitment ditch iron phosphate rock phosphorus, titanium, cobalt, sulfur resources reasonably comprehensive recycling carried out experimental research lab beneficiation beneficiation recovery of phosphorus, titanium, sulfur, cobalt tailings from magnetic separation, the reasonable Comprehensive recycling ore processing process.
According to the research results of laboratory mineral processing experiments, the old ore processing capacity of 300,000 t/a was rebuilt and expanded, and a new plant with a processing capacity of 3 million t/a was built. The magnets in the Zhaobinggou iron phosphate mine were comprehensively recovered. , phosphorus, ferrotitanium, sulphur-cobalt minerals. The beneficiation process route for the recovery of sulphur-cobalt minerals by the normal temperature and alkali-free flotation recovery of phosphorus minerals, the rational heavy-magnetic separation process, and the recovery of sulphur-cobalt minerals by flotation process were determined.
First, the nature of the ore
The type of ore in the Zhaobingou iron-phosphorus mine in Fengning County, Hebei Province is relatively simple. The main ore minerals are magnetite, ilmenite and apatite. Gangue minerals pyroxene, hornblende, biotite, plagioclase like.
The ore structure is mainly composed of medium-grain semi-automorphic granular structure and granitic crystal structure, followed by a columnar crystal structure, a ferroniobium structure, a parallel crystal structure, and a solid solution structure. The ore structure is mainly composed of a massive structure, a ramie, a strip, and a reticular structure. The natural type of ore is generally porphyry titanium magnetite ore, porphyry magnetite ore, massive titanium magnetite ore, massive magnetite ore, gneissic magnet apatite ore and hemp-like titanium magnet phosphorus Gray stone ore.
The ore industry type can be divided into titanium magnet apatite ore, magnetite ore, titanomagnetite ore and magnet apatite ore.
The ore contains 10%-20% TFe, and the P 2 O 5 grade averages 3%±, containing TiO 2 5%±; iron is generally proportional to the content of titanium and phosphorus. Phosphorus, titanium, sulphur and cobalt grades are lower.
The mine has been mainly selected from iron, and other useful components in the iron ore tailings have not been comprehensively recovered. The low-grade phosphorus, titanium and cobalt that can be recycled are discarded as tailings. As the ore is well crystallized, it is suitable to adopt the comprehensive recovery process of ore dressing in the stage grinding stage. The main elements in the iron ore tailings are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Multiple analysis results of iron ore tailings
Second, the comprehensive recovery of phosphorus
The AW-10 collector used in flotation of phosphate rock is not only non-toxic, non-polluting, but also has good biodegradability and is beneficial to environmental protection. The result solves the problem that the flotation pulp needs to add a large amount of sodium carbonate to adjust the pH value of the slurry; the flotation temperature is lowered, and the normal temperature flotation is realized, which greatly contributes to saving energy and reducing the cost of ore dressing. According to the experimentally determined process, a phosphorus flotation plant with a processing capacity of 300,000 t/a of ore was designed and built, and it was put into operation in September 2005 to produce a high-quality phosphate concentrate. After the industrial commissioning and transformation, the magnetic separation tailings was dewatered by a cyclone, and a section of open-track grinding, grinding degree of .074mm (-200 mesh) content of 50% ± 5, once rough selection, secondary selection, secondary mining The normal temperature flotation process flow returned in sequence (Figure 1).
Figure 1 Phosphorus recycling production quality process
Industrial production uses a normal temperature flotation process to recover phosphorus minerals, and the flotation slurry does not require heating or alkali addition. Flotation agents are conventional, non-toxic, non-polluting products. The flotation reagent system is simple, and only the water glass conditioner and the flotation collector are added.
The process test indicators are: selected ore grade P 2 O 5 3.84%, phosphorus concentrate grade P 2 O 5 37.88%, Fe 2 O 3 1.50%, MgO 0.96%, phosphorus concentrate recovery rate 95.49%.
The use of phosphorus-selecting collector AW-10 is the key to rational development and utilization of the easy-selected apatite of the Zhaobingou phosphate mine, which will improve the economic benefits of the enterprise. The collector must have the characteristics of wide source of raw materials, low cost, non-toxicity, selectivity and good harvesting ability, and can overcome the high price of collectors using oxidized wax soap, foam sticking and concentrate are not easy to be treated. And other defects. The collector is mainly composed of two parts. The first part (accounting for 80%) uses chemical and grease factory waste as raw materials, and turns waste into useful products, thus reducing environmental pollution caused by related industries. However, the amount of the collector alone is higher, and the slurry is more viscous. The second part (20%) is an anionic co-agent with solubilization, dispersion, emulsification, foaming and wetting and osmosis, which can significantly promote the highly dispersible dissolution of fatty acid collectors, thereby increasing the subject capture. The concentration at which the collector is adsorbed by the target mineral, and the lower selectivity collector is required to achieve the critical micelle concentration necessary for flotation, so that the main collector has a wider medium and a lower temperature. Good dispersion solubility. The additive also has the characteristics of good foaming performance and foaming brittleness. Therefore, the AW-10 collector can realize the normal temperature and alkali-free flotation of the Zhaobinggou phosphate rock, and the sedimentation and concentration performance of the concentrate is good. In addition, the coagent has good biodegradability, and the analysis result of tailings water actually produced in the mine (Table 2) shows that the COD content in the tailings water is lower than that of the last production process. half. The introduction of the auxiliaries in the collector greatly reduces water pollution and is conducive to environmental protection.
Table 2 Main analysis results of tailings water quality (mg/L)
Third, the comprehensive recovery of titanium
The associated ilmenite in Fengning iron phosphate mine has better crystallinity and coarser grain size. According to its ore properties, ore dressing scale, equipment investment, ore dressing cost and environmental protection, it is determined that the ilmenite in the ore is comprehensively recovered by the heavy-magnetic separation process. The process route is: spiral chute tailing→shake rough selection→titanium iron coarse concentrate→grinding [grinding fineness is <0.074mm (-200 mesh) content 25%～40%]→shaker selection→ä¸Strong magnetic selection → ilmenite concentrate.
The industrial production process test indicators are: selected grade TiO 2 7.02%, grinding fineness <0.074mm (-200 mesh) content 39.65%, high grade concentrate yield 2.94%, grade TiO 2 43.41%, recovery rate 18.18%; low The grade concentrate yield is 9.97%, the grade TiO 2 is 23.61%, and the recovery rate is 33.53%. The number quality process of the process inspection is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Titanium recycling production quality process
The beneficiation process and equipment are simple, power consumption is small, comprehensive recycling has good economic benefits, and is in line with the national mineral resources utilization and development of circular economy policies.
Fourth, the comprehensive recovery of cobalt
The cobalt in the Fengbinggou pyrite mine in Fengning is mainly symbiotic with pyrite . Pyrite has good crystallization, coarser particle size and better selectivity. It is an easy-to-select ore. The technical route of sulphur-cobalt beneficiation is flotation, the process is three times of rough selection, and the medium-mine sequence returns (Fig. 3). The conventional ore dressing agent for sulfur ore is selected: sulfuric acid, butyl xanthate, and 2 # oil.
Figure 3 Cobalt recovery production quality process
The process industrial production process indicators are: tailings grade after iron, phosphorus and titanium are Co 0.0073%, S effective 0.20%, concentrate grade Co 0.3691%, S effective 39.31%, tailings grade Co 0.0051%, S effective 0.053%; concentrate yield was calculated by Co. 0.60%, calculated by S effective 0.37%; Co recovery rate was 30.34%, and S effective recovery rate was 72.72%.
V. Conclusion
Through the implementation of the research results in the Zhaobingou iron phosphate ore dressing plant, the country's limited resources such as phosphorus, ilmenite, and cobalt have been comprehensively recovered, reducing the tailings emissions of the fully-selected plant by more than 10%, and there is no environmental pollution during the beneficiation process. It is in line with China's sustainable development strategy for the phosphate rock and phosphate fertilizer industry based on domestic resources; in line with national resources and environment and circular economy policies.
The Fengbing County iron-phosphorus mine in Fengning County uses the flotation process to recover phosphorus minerals, uses the heavy-magnetic separation process to recover titanium minerals, and floats to recover cobalt. The economic benefits of the company are significant. The comprehensive utilization of resources, the effective expansion of resource reserves, and the development of circular economy have played a role in the industry's science and technology demonstration.
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