1 Several problems that should be paid attention to in mine mining According to the author's years of experience in safety work in gold mines in Xiaoqinling area, combined with the characteristics of accidents in gold mines in recent years, the issues that must be paid attention to in the safety of gold mines are discussed.
1. 1 Abandoned roadway and goaf disposal Most of the old projects and old goaf that have been abandoned for several years or even decades have not undergone engineering geological exploration and safety testing, and the safety hazards are more serious. Coupled with the disorderly mining and destructive mining, as well as the remnant of the permanent pillars with higher grades, it will often cause a mass accident. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate strict and effective disposal measures for abandoned roadways and goafs in order to effectively curb the occurrence of accidents.
(1) The low-grade gold mine resources of the old mines are remnant. The enterprise should entrust qualified units to conduct detailed engineering geological exploration and safety inspection on the old mines. The survey unit should analyze the reliability of the old projects and have poor safety conditions. The original works should be supported.
(2) The enterprise shall conduct investigations on the old mining pits in coordination with the functional departments and the surveying units, and implement permanent closure of the old mining pits that have no mining value.
(3) For the residual mining of the pillar, a detailed plan for the treatment and support of the goaf should be formulated. The mining method should adopt the backward mining method and formulate special safety measures.
(4) The site pressure monitoring should be systematically carried out in order to timely maintain and update the roadway to ensure safe operation.
1. 2 Improve the underground oxygen system The lack of oxygen and toxic and harmful gases in the underground is the main killer of poisoning and suffocation. The mine residuals are the corner ore body of some old mines and some mining pillars. These sections are difficult to form. A good ventilation system is often a blind area for ventilation. In addition, mine safety management is not in place, and the lack of necessary underground air quality testing equipment is likely to cause poisoning and suffocation accidents. It is imperative to increase governance.
(1) Every mining system of the mine should establish a complete mechanical ventilation system (including local ventilation equipment); as long as there are operators in the mine, the main fan must not stop running; before the operator enters the well, first open the main fan ventilation, and the inspection personnel should respond to the main Air quality inspection and air volume monitoring shall be carried out in the roadway and work site. After passing the test, the inspection may be carried out. The inspection personnel should wear protective equipment.
(2) Closed abandoned roadway and stopway, closed mines and mines to reduce air leakage and improve ventilation efficiency.
(3) The enterprise shall be equipped with underground air quality testing equipment to test the underground air quality regularly or irregularly. The testing scope includes: oxygen content, toxic and harmful gas concentration detection, dust, wind speed, air volume, temperature, etc.;
1. 3 Perfecting the residual process of residual technology can not only improve the recovery rate of ore, increase the amount of ore, fully recover mineral resources, but also prolong the life of mining enterprises and increase the economic benefits of enterprises. Some enterprises are forced to carry out residual mining without process design and without safe export conditions. They use single head excavation and excavate mining. They do not form mining cut nuggets, which not only waste resources, but also easily cause poisoning and suffocation. ACCIDENT. Therefore, strict and effective residual technology and management measures must be formulated.
(1) The general ore grade of the mine is low, and the ore is small. The low-cost mining technology should be designed. The process selection should comprehensively analyze and compare the technical and economic factors.
(2) The layout of mine residual mining blocks should be designed by qualified units, and the mining sequence should be comprehensively studied to develop a reasonable and feasible mining sequence.
(3) The residual mining block shall have two safe exits for pedestrians in strict accordance with the safety regulations, and communicate with the upper and lower roadways and the safe exit to the ground. Safety exits should be stable and ladders should be provided as needed. The stope should be ventilated through the wind.
1. 4 Strengthening Air Compressor Management Part of the air compressor of the gold mine is arranged in the raft, and most of them are piston air compressors. They are operated for a long time without cooling equipment or cooling failure, resulting in a large amount of carbon monoxide generated by the internal combustion of the air compressor. The pipeline is transported to the rock drilling face, causing workers to suffer from carbon monoxide poisoning and death, endangering the lives and property of personnel. The following measures should be taken to avoid such accidents.
(1) Equipped with an effective cooling system, and equipped with air temperature detection equipment, timing observation records, air compressor air outlet temperature should not exceed 85.
(2) The cooling water should be demineralized water to prevent the temperature of the cooling system from rising due to fouling.
(3) Replace the old air compressor that has expired and scrapped, and adopt the new screw air-cooled intelligent control air compressor.
1. 5 attach importance to the management of safe production
(1) Specially manage the mechanical ventilation problem of underground mining mines as a major hidden danger. In view of the frequent occurrence of major accidents of gun poisoning in underground mining mines, it is strictly forbidden to carry out residual operations for mines that have not established mechanical ventilation systems and chaotic ventilation management.
(2) The whole mine should strengthen the safety inspection and hidden danger rectification work of the residual mining. The focus of the residual mining is the management of mining support and ventilation system, and the safety management work should be done well. Equipped with daily safety, sanitation, ventilation testing equipment and instruments to do daily testing.
(3) For the mines where the mined areas of the mines and the stability of the ore rocks are likely to cause serious accidents caused by the roofing slabs, the residual problems should be focused on research, key arguments, and key treatments. It is necessary to fully rely on the technological advantages of scientific research institutes and universities, vigorously promote the specialization method of safety technology, and solve the difficult problems in the non-coal mine safety supervision and enterprise safety production process in a targeted manner, and use scientific methods to rectify the safety hazards.
2 Conclusions In view of the current status of gold mines in Xiaoqinling area, the gold is discussed in five important aspects: abandoned tunnel and goaf treatment, downhole ventilation, air compressor management, residual technology, and safe production management. The safety issues that should be paid attention to during the mine residual mining process are of great significance to improving the safety of mining and mining safety production, civilized production and improving economic benefits.
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